Thursday, November 1, 2012

Exhaustive family tree for birds shows recent, rapid diversification

New information about bird evolution from Yale University.

Exhaustive family tree for birds shows recent, rapid diversification

New Haven, Conn. — A Yale-led scientific team has produced the most comprehensive family tree for birds to date, connecting all living bird species — nearly 10,000 in total — and revealing surprising new details about their evolutionary history and its geographic context.

Analysis of the family tree shows when and where birds diversified — and that birds' diversification rate has increased over the last 50 million years, challenging the conventional wisdom of biodiversity experts.

"It's the first time that we have — for such a large group of species and with such a high degree of confidence — the full global picture of diversification in time and space," said biologist Walter Jetz of Yale, lead author of the team's research paper, published Oct. 31 online in the journal Nature.

He continued: "The research highlights how heterogeneously fast diversifying species groups are distributed throughout the family tree and over geographic space. Many parts of the globe have seen a variety of species groups diversify rapidly and recently. All this leads to a diversification rate in birds that has been increasing over the past 50 million years."

The researchers relied heavily on fossil and DNA data, combining them with geographical information to produce the exhaustive family tree, which includes 9,993 species known to be alive now.

"The current zeitgeist in biodiversity science is that the world can fill up quickly," says biologist and co-author Arne Mooers of Simon Fraser University in Canada. "A new distinctive group, like bumblebees or tunafish, first evolves, and, if conditions are right, it quickly radiates to produce a large number of species. These species fill up all the available niches, and then there is nowhere to go. Extinction catches up, and things begin to slow down or stall. For birds the pattern is the opposite: Speciation is actually speeding up, not slowing down."

The researchers attribute the growing rate of avian diversity to an abundance of group-specific adaptations. They hypothesize that the evolution of physical or behavioral innovations in certain groups, combined with the opening of new habitats, has enabled repeated bursts of diversification. Another likely factor has been birds' exceptional mobility, researchers said, which time and again has allowed them to colonize new regions and exploit novel ecological opportunities.

In their analysis, the researchers also expose significant geographic differences in diversification rates. They are higher in the Western Hemisphere than in the Eastern, and higher on islands than mainlands. But surprisingly, they said, there is little difference in rates between the tropics and high latitudes. Regions of especially intense recent diversification include northern North American and Eurasia and southern South America.

"This was one of the big surprises," Jetz said. "For a long time biologists have thought that the vast diversity of tropical species must at least partly be due to greater rates of net species production there. For birds we find no support for this, and groups with fast and slow diversification appear to occur there as much as in the high latitudes. Instead, the answer may lie in the tropics' older age, leading to a greater accumulation of species over time. Global phylogenies like ours will allow further tests of this and other basic hypotheses about life on Earth."

57 comments:

  1. thank you so much for giving us information about animal related issues, it would be very helpful very useful discussions! i would like to visit your hospital as well,keep posting more.

    ReplyDelete
  2. Your blog post is very interesting and informative. You come up with new and innovative topics and their superb ideas. Thank you for sharing it with us
    hotmail.com
    hotmail login

    ReplyDelete
  3. This is really interesting. Check this link for more interesting products

    ReplyDelete
  4. Peptid
    This is an excellent post I seen thanks to share it. It is really what I wanted to see hope in future you will continue for sharing such a excellent post.

    ReplyDelete
  5. You might deal with aol mail login problems due to the multiple reasons. visit askprob to get your problem resolved.

    ReplyDelete
  6. AOL mail not receiving emails problem is one of the biggest problem these days. people face such kind of problem due to the multiple reasons. visit askprob to get your problem resolved.

    ReplyDelete
  7. When users try to download some software or files from Internet their computer systems In result they cause issues account live password reset, account.live.com/password/reset, account.live.com.sign in, account live com password reset in functioning and computer locked and user get error message or account.live.com/password/reset so please call 1-800-436-6070 customer support.

    ReplyDelete
  8. If you are download outlooks-office365 but you pc or laptop blocked account live password reset third party service providers based in USA and Canada offering account.live.com.sign in our customer support online across the globe so please call 1-800-436-6070 24X7 working.

    ReplyDelete
  9. If you consider getting norton.com/setup helps you get back the initial performance of your computer and make it run properly and without any glitches. You can look for the product at norton.com/activate.They connect to your computer to try to fix it due to the same sort of error for more detail please visit our website.

    ReplyDelete
  10. Following are the technical problems mcafee installation which can be faced by users while they are trying mcafee.com/activate to use antivirus security for more detail please visit our website or customer support online chating.

    ReplyDelete
  11. your devices like PCs, Laptops and many others technical issues then you can contact customer support anytime. your problem like as account live password reset, account.live.com/password/reset or account.live.com.sign in Just make call 1-800-436-6070 to our toll free helpline numbers and get best assistance online.

    If you are unable to recover or change your account live password reset credentials then visit or account.live.com.sign in our team or choose account live com password reset. Here technical experts are available and working 24X7 and offering best technical support.

    ReplyDelete
  12. If you are unable to open office365-lives your laptop or Pc and need technical support immediately then just click account.live.com/password/reset and discuss whatever issues account live password reset your are facing. Our technical support team is available 24X7 or more detail visit our website.

    ReplyDelete
  13. If you are face technical issuse apple id reset with our my apple id password forgot and other such errors. user can get help apple id password reset of highly qualified technical experts by calling our toll free support phone number 1-800-436-6070.

    ReplyDelete
  14. Are you dealing with aol mail disappeared problem . IT can be due to the several reasons. visit askprob to get your problem resolved.

    ReplyDelete
  15. Normally laces are not skin friendly. But we know that cotton is very go-od for our skin. Cotton Chemical laces are easy to carry. These fancy taces are used by fashion designers for embellishing sarees, dresses, gowns and other indo-western dresses.
    lace fabric online india, Chemical laces, Cotton Chemical Lace, Cotton Laces, Fancy Laces, Lace Fabrics, Laces

    ReplyDelete
  16. I like viewing web sites which comprehend the price of delivering the excellent useful resource free of charge. I truly adored reading your posting. Thank you! Berrylook Coupons

    ReplyDelete
  17. We are located in Manchester, England, UK. Clients all over Europe can safely Buy marijuana online UK, from us as we have the best quality Weed for sale.

    Our Products:

    Buy sour diesel online

    Wedding cake strain

    buy cannabis online UK

    Order weed online uk

    ReplyDelete
  18. Find the Best place to buy pet products online product services in USA. If you are interested in purchased pet product Buy dog accessories online, Pet essentials online store, Buy pet essentials online, Buy cheap pet products online, Buy pet accessories online, and Order pet products online and offer products for visit own website or through an Pet products online store site.

    #Buy pet products online #Buy USB Portable Paw Washing Cup #Buy Pet Hand Bag Online
    #Buy Portable Foldable Pet Playpen #Buy Dog Luminous Collar USB Charging
    #Buy Pet Water Fountain
    Buy Electric Shock Collar
    #Buy Pet Cleaning And Grooming Set #Buy Pet Feeder Fountain online
    Buy Pet Hair Shaver online

    ReplyDelete
  19. Bradford Access Pte Ltd is a leading distributor of home security alarm systems in Singapore. We offer Video Intercom System Singapore for private and government sectors. We supply high-quality video intercom with high tech technology at a budget price. Our expert provides safe and easy monitoring solutions for apartment buildings and private houses.

    Read More about us-:

    security products distributors

    Card access system Singapore

    Video Intercom System Singapore

    ReplyDelete
  20. Wondermouse Technologies is leading Mobile App Widget Development company in india having a pool of developers who are highly skilled in mobile app development and we provide dedicated application maintenance and support right under your budget. Our react native development services are aimed at fulfilling your all requirements.

    ReplyDelete
  21. Jusfeedback Pte Ltd is especially known for its Customer Satisfaction survey. We are the best Speech Analytics and online survey company in the whole Asia-Pacific region. Our services are reliable and affordable for everyone. If you want to get a genuine solution then contact us.

    Today, everyone needs an online survey solution and online survey company for authentic surveys in various types of business. There are many changes and update in different organizations day by day. So, if you want to get the latest survey update about customer satisfaction then Jusfeedback Pte Ltd is the best option for you. Contact us now and get genuine solutions.

    ReplyDelete
  22. Astro Finding is one of the Online Astro companies in India providing Astrology Horoscope Consultation by free Kundli prediction from Astrologers of India on The Best Online Astrology Website in India.
    Free Astrology Predictions

    ReplyDelete
  23. I am a web developer based in Meerut with 4 yrs of experience. I have been working at a website designing company in Meerut. Providing website designing, software development, nsdl portal developer, nsdl portal designer, pan card portal developer, app development, and digital marketing services in Meerut, Delhi NCR, Noida.
    Web designer in Meerut

    ReplyDelete
  24. The Sabera online local News Portal. Read local New, Meerut News and also download app and up to date.
    Meerut Local News
    Meerut Latest News

    ReplyDelete
  25. Find the best product home workout equipment online immediately click our link One Click Smart online shopping company best quality product such as Buy Indoor Cycling Exercise Bike, Fitness equipment online store, Buy abdominal exercise equipment online, Buy workout equipment for home if you know more info visit at site.

    Fitness Equipment Folding Treadmill
    Buy Indoor Cycling Exercise Bike
    Two way Belt Exercise Spinning Bike
    Stainless Indoor Horizontal Bars
    Buy Male Spring Chest Developer
    Buy Push Ups Rack Board

    ReplyDelete
  26. Nemoclean is one the finest and successful home cleaners in Columbus USA and our aim is to offer best environment by quality cleaning services. We have best and trained teams who do their job with perfection.

    With high quality cleaning services, we provide affordable and cheapest small office cleaning in Columbus. So if you need excellent cleaning services then contact us. Visit our website for more information.

    clean up my office

    ReplyDelete
  27. Elders Dating is one the best dating site for seniors people who looking for right partner. We are helping people by instructing them how to Login to seniorpeoplemeet. If you have any issue in Seniorpeoplemeet login then contact us.

    You can calculate you love crush by using Love crush calculator on our website. Here you can get all instruction for creating and login accounts on dating sites.

    Ourtime login

    ReplyDelete
  28. Krafty Fox Kendra is a online shopping store and offering the latest’s collection. Here you find the latest collection for men’s and women’s. To Buy men t shirts online, Buy women t shirts online visit our website.

    Aquaman Logo Short Sleeve Junior Sheer

    Wake Up Adult Pull Over Hoodie

    ReplyDelete
  29. If you are looking for top organizational consultant in your bay area then Equity Inclusion Diversity Consultant is best for you. We are offering many services like Community Organizer in Bay Area, Social Justice Advocate Bay Area, Top Organizational Consultant Bay Area and many more.

    To Know more detail about our services visit at Black Women’s Health Advisor & Consultant, Sexual and Reproductive Health Justice Advocate and Public Health Strategist Bay in Area.

    Contemplative and Holistic Health Consultant Bay Area

    ReplyDelete
  30. Lavish Cleaning services providing commercial cleaning, residential cleaning, Move in and Move out cleaning service in USA. If you are looking for Deep Cleaning Services Massachusetts then we are best for you.

    Covid-19 sanitation services Massachusetts

    ReplyDelete
  31. Shop the latest shoes, sandals and slippers ilaceupinc online store at best price. Here you can Buy ladies sandals online, Buy summer shoes for women, Buy high heel sandals for women and many other latest collection for women.

    Eilyken 2021 summer new crystal ankle strap sandals women sexy open toe

    Aneikeh new women sandals pvc jelly crystal heel transparent women sexy clear high heels summer sandals

    ReplyDelete
  32. Chainsaw-pro is a one the best electric chain saw provider. If you are looking Where to buy electric chain saw then we are the best option for you. With us you can buy different kind of chain saw.

    Electric chain saw online store

    ReplyDelete
  33. Our company working as Organizational Development Consultant Bay Area. If you are looking for any consultant in bay area then Earth seed equity is best option for you.

    We also work for Black Women’s Health Advisor & Consultant in bay area. For more detail visit our website.

    ReplyDelete
  34. When you are planning on defining the look and space of your home, it is very important that you take the time out to find a reliable interior designer that can offer their expertise to you and define the whole ambience inside your home. However, with so many well known interior designers offering their services in Singapore, it can be a little difficult for you to choose a company that can be just perfect for you. Here are some things that you need to look for when you want to hire an interior designer Singapore for managing your residential interiors.

    ReplyDelete
  35. Thanks for sharing such informative Information. It is really helpful for me and I get my lots of solution with this blog. For more interesting information I bookmark this and I hope your next article comes soon. App Cost Calculator

    ReplyDelete
  36. Thank you very much for writing such an interesting article on this topic. This has really made me think and I hope to read more.
    Long Island Website Designers

    ReplyDelete
  37. Looking for an android developer in Meerut?
    Meet Sandeep a leading android developer providing high quality mobile app development services in Meerut and all over India working in Techdost Services Private limited. Contact us today and get the best mobile app development services today!
    Android app developer in Meerut
    Mobile app development company in Delhi

    ReplyDelete
  38. Hi buddies, it is great written piece entirely defined, continue the good work constantly. shape flex sf101 alternative

    ReplyDelete
  39. We provide comprehensive range of Liquid Antioxidant with superior quality. Our company uses high-grade chemical for the production of Antioxidant. Our Liquid Antioxidants are highly demanded by clients because of their superb efficiency to improve food product shelf life. We are reliable Manufacturer, Exporter and Supplier of Liquid Antioxidant who meet the requirement of different clients. We offer Liquid Antioxidant at lowest prices in the market.

    Anti-Oxidant Liquid manufacturer

    ReplyDelete
  40. The worst part of it was that the software only worked intermittently and the data was not accurate. You obviously canot confront anyone about what you have discovered if the information is not right. filipino virtual assistant

    ReplyDelete
  41. I’m genuinely impressed with your knowledge. You have shared good knowledge from this blog. It was a really attractive blog. Please keep sharing your post with us, home steam sauna kit.

    ReplyDelete
  42. Thank you very much for writing such an interesting article on this topic.
    click here for more information

    ReplyDelete